Why starting your device the right way matters
Setting up a hardware wallet correctly is critical — it establishes the root of trust for all future transactions. A secure initialization ensures your private keys remain under your control, protects against supply-chain tampering, and prevents accidental loss of funds. This guide walks you step-by-step through recommended procedures and explains why each step is important.
What you’ll need
- A new or factory-reset Trezor device (Model One, Model T, or current official models)
- A clean computer with internet access for downloading the Suite or software
- Paper or a metal backup solution for your recovery seed
- A reliable USB cable (data-capable), and optionally a USB hub if needed
Step-by-step setup
- Verify packaging & device authenticity. Inspect packaging for tamper-evidence and verify serial numbers against official documentation if available. Purchase only from authorized sellers.
- Download Trezor Suite from the official site. Always use the official domain and verify checksums or signatures if you are security conscious.
- Connect your device. Plug the Trezor into your computer. On first connection, the device will show a welcome screen and prompt for firmware installation if needed.
- Initialize the device in the Suite. Choose to create a new wallet (recommended for new devices). Follow on-screen prompts to set a PIN, note your recovery seed, and confirm the seed words on-device.
- Write down the recovery seed. Use the provided recovery card, or a secure metal backup. Do NOT store the seed electronically, photograph it, or share it. Keep multiple geographically separated copies if you wish.
- Install firmware updates. If the Suite prompts for firmware, approve it on-device. Firmware updates are signed; review the fingerprint if you want additional assurance.
- Optional hardening. Enable passphrase support, set up Shamir backups, or configure hidden wallets for plausible deniability. Each adds complexity — ensure you understand recovery procedures before enabling.
Understanding the recovery seed
Your recovery seed (usually 12 to 24 words) is the ultimate backup for your wallet. Anyone with this seed can reconstruct your private keys and control your funds. Treat it like the keys to a safe-deposit box:
- Never digitize the seed (no photos, cloud notes, or screenshots).
- Prefer hardware-backed (metal) backups for fire, water, and corrosion resistance.
- Consider splitting the seed with Shamir or distributing copies physically for redundancy.
Firmware & software integrity
Firmware and Suite updates include security fixes and new features. To reduce risk:
- Only install signed firmware from official sources.
- Verify downloaded installer checksums when possible.
- Keep your Suite and OS up to date; avoid pirated or unofficial software.
Common beginner mistakes to avoid
- Storing seed words digitally or online.
- Using public or untrusted computers during setup.
- Approving unfamiliar transaction details without verifying them on the device screen.
Advanced tips
For users wanting stronger operational security:
- Use a dedicated, offline machine for high-value operations.
- Combine a passphrase with your seed for an additional secret — but remember the passphrase is not recoverable by the seed alone.
- Test recovery periodically with a non-custodial test wallet to ensure your backups are usable.
Why follow these steps
- Reduces supply chain and setup risk.
- Ensures recoverability of funds in worst-case scenarios.
- Limits attack vectors by verifying firmware & software integrity.
Trade-offs
- Extra steps may feel cumbersome for casual users.
- Advanced features like passphrases add recovery complexity.
Troubleshooting common issues
- If device not detected: try another USB cable/port, restart Suite, and ensure Bridge (if required) is installed.
- If firmware fails: reboot device and retry; do not use unofficial firmware.
- If you lose your seed: use backup copies; if none exist, funds may be irretrievable — consider practicing recovery to avoid this.
FAQ
Can I initialize my Trezor offline?
Some advanced workflows allow offline seed generation and air-gapped signing. For most users, initializing via Suite on a trusted computer is practical and safe when following the guide.
What if my device arrives used?
If packaging or the device looks tampered with, contact the seller and Trezor support. Never use a device that was pre-initialized by someone else.
How long should my seed be?
The device typically uses BIP39 12 or 24 words. 24 words provide higher entropy and are recommended for long-term large-value storage.
Final checklist
Before you finish:
- Do you have at least two secure backups of your recovery seed stored separately?
- Did you install the latest signed firmware?
- Have you tested a small transaction and confirmed details on-device?